Dante felt very stressed knowing that he needed an A- on hi…

 Dante felt very stressed knowing that he needed an A- on his final Spanish exam to pass the course. During the exam, Dante was unable to recall material he had studied and assumed the information was forgotten. However, after leaving the exam Dante suddenly remembered the material. Which of the following offers the best explanation for this scenario?

Layla paid close attention to the behavior of her dog just b…

Layla paid close attention to the behavior of her dog just before he would relieve himself on their morning walks. She noticed that he would move his leg in a particular way immediately beforehand. She then began saying “let’s go potty” as soon as she saw him move his leg. Eventually, when Layla would say “let’s go potty,” the dog would relieve himself. The dog making the connection between Layla’s phrase and relieving himself is an example of