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A 40-year-old female seeks PT for with a four-year history of recurrent low back pain.  Her primary functional complaints are an inability to tolerate sitting or standing for any extended period. She has been previously treated by a chiropractor three months ago who focused on heat, massage, and manipulation. These interventions provided temporary relief and did not improve her functional status. . Pain:   Location:  low back R > L side, intermittent R > L  gluteal pain, worsens with sustained postures           NPRS: 2/10 on average and 5/10 at worst Aggravating Factors: prolonged postures Imaging: Radiographs show degenerative changes to L4-L5 disc space Past Medical History:  Autoimmune disorder in childhood with steroid use x 6 years. Meds: Meloxicam 7.5 mg PRN  Social/Work:  Caregiver-2 year old child    Patient performs remote assistance and meetings (desk) work for 8 hours/day.  . Outcome Measure: Oswestry Disability Index- 22%- sitting, standing, lifting are the greatest difficulty  Examination Findings: Posture: Increased anterior pelvic tilt ROM: Lumbar flexion 75%, aberrant movement upon return. No change with repeated motions Lumbar Extension 50% without movement deviation Lumbar rotation 100% without movement deviation. Myotomes:  strong DTR- +2 bilaterally LE Sensation: Intact to light touch. Special Testing:  SLR- negative for neural tension bilaterally Slump – negative for neural tension Palpation: B PSIS tender, L4 increased tenderness greater than PSIS   Please answer the below questions and state rationale for each answer.  Please be as concise as possible, your first choices will be the ones graded. 

Oceanic and remote continental airspace is nonradar and does not guarantee reception of ground based NAVAIDS.  Therefore it is considered…

The FAA has the jurisdiction to restrict US air carriers from flying through certain regions in international airspace.

When flying for a US air carrier internationally, what regulatory obligations you must adhere to?

You are over NE Canada preparing to go oceanic on your way to Europe on the NAT OTS.  You are attempting to use CPDLC/ACARS to send your NAT RCL but Gander Oceanic is not responding.  What are your options?

What might be very helpful if you need to ditch?

While crossing the ocean, each pilot should maintain their own Master Document for oceanic plotting purposes in case one pilot makes an error and they need to compare them later.

The use of “Free Text” requests and responses are common place in CPDLC; you can use them just like sending a text from your phone.

You get cleared for a “Y-Route” through the Gulf of Mexico and you notice some opposite direction traffic approaching on TCAS.  Your Captain suggests you program a 1.5nm left offset for SLOP.  What do you do?

Along your oceanic route of flight you notice a strong thunderstorm.  In order to request a weather deviation via CPDLC, which Downlink Message (DM) will you use and what information will you be required to fill in to complete the message before sending?