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When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein, the ________.   A) plasmids multiply and produce the protein outside of the bacterium B) bacterial chromosome is genetically engineered, and the plasmid is used to help the bacterium replicate C) desired gene is inserted into the plasmid, and the plasmid is taken up by the bacterium D) bacterial genome and plasmid are inserted into the genome of the cell containing the desired gene

“Sticky ends” are ________.   A) single-stranded ends of fragments of double-stranded DNA B) regions of double-stranded DNA that can be cut by a restriction enzyme C) portions of DNA used as markers for STR analysis D) regions of DNA amplified in PCR

Cutting DNA with a particular restriction enzyme produces DNA fragments that can be separated by ________.   A) gel electrophoresis B) enzymes C) recombinant DNA D) plasmids

You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to definitively make the association?   A) You can use the sample to determine the individual’s blood type. B) You can use gel electrophoresis to determine the length of the DNA found in the sample. C) You can use PCR to increase the amount of DNA available for STR analysis. D) You can use the sample to check for the presence of the Rhesus factor.

Gene flow is accomplished by ________.   A) migration B) sexual recombination C) mutation D) natural selection

“Sticky ends” are produced as a result of the action of ________.   A) PCR B) DNA ligase C) restriction enzymes D) bacterial plasmids

Which of the following is a population?   A) the termites infesting your house along with the microorganisms living in their guts B) all of the termites that have ever lived C) all organisms living in your house D) the termites infesting your house

Translation converts the information stored in ________ to ________.   A) DNA… RNA B) RNA… a polypeptide C) DNA… a polypeptide D) RNA… DNA

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments on the basis of differences in their ________.   A) A:C ratio B) length C) G:T ratio D) pH

STR analysis is a DNA profiling technique that makes use of the fact that different people have ________.   A) different numbers of repeats of short DNA sequences at certain sites in the genome B) different alleles for many genes in the genome C) different restriction fragments D) different CODIS DNA sequences