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Which of the following are true regarding spontaneous modes?1.    The patient determines the rate2.    Apnea alarms and ventilation back-up mode should be set3.    The ventilator determines and controls the rate4.    The patient determines the tidal volume

What does the following pressure volume loop represent? PV loop Raw.jpg 

When a ventilator delivers a breath at a pre-determined time interval, the mechanical breath is  __________-triggered.

Mechanical ventilation is initiated with a pressure support of 10 cm H2O and a CPAP of 5. There is not a mandatory rate set.  Which of the following parameters would a therapist monitor in order to determine that the pressure support level is adequate?

The following patient exhibited the following changes when reviewing the ventilator flow sheet. Which of the following below best explains these changes?                    0700   Vt =500ml    PIP 25       Plateau 20 0900   Vt =500 ml    PIP 28       Plateau 20 1100   Vt =500ml     PIP 33       Plateau 20   Which of the following below best explains what is occurring?

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Normal ETCO2 % is expected to be approximately ________________%.

Calculate the alveolar volume given the following information: Vt 500 , male 150 lbs, and an HME at the wye having a volume of 50 ml.

Scalars (linear waveforms) displayed during mechanical ventilation include all of the following except 

In a volume mode of ventilation the flow- time waveform will be  ___________________.