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Be sure to answer all of the questions below in the single text box provided. From the dihybrid cross above, suppose that a researcher wanted to determine whether smurf color and smurf breath are independently inherited (assort independently) or are genetically linked.  a) How would the researcher state his/her hypothesis, as it relates to Mendel’s law and observed vs. expected numbers, before conducting a Chi-square analysis? The null (Ho) would state that: The alternative (Ha) would state that:   b) Suppose that after counting the number of observed offspring, the researcher calculated a Chi-square value of 11.35.  Using the table below, what would the p-value for this analysis be?  (Hint: the df, or degrees of freedom here, would be 3.)   c) Based on the p-value you got from b), are the traits inherited independently (do they follow Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment), or are they linked?  (Remember: the “cutoff” for statistical significance is a p-value of 0.05)

Select letter A here for free points.

Growing polypeptides elongate from ribosomes directly into the _______, where they will be folded and processed into functional proteins.

Nondisjunction

Free points if you choose the only possible answer here.

The alleles for type A blood and type B blood are said to be _______ over the allele for type O blood.

 If one parent is heterozygous for type A blood, and the other parent is heterozygous for type B blood, the probability of producing a child with type O blood is

When two or more genes are carried together during crossing over in meiosis, such that one phenotype is usually associated with another (e.g. eye color and wing length in fruit flies), those genes are said to be

Prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) reproduce new cells by

Gregor Mendel examined seven characteristics of pea plants, including flower color. When he crossed pure-breeding purple flowers with pure-breeding white flowers, the first generation of offspring (F1)