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Emphysema causes a decrease in the surface area of the respiratory membrane and thereby leads to respiratory acidosis.

The juxtaglomerular apparatus

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that stimulates the synthesis of ______________ within the kidney tubules.

Hyponatremia results from ___________ sodium ions or ____________ amounts of extracellular water.

Identify the urinary structure indicated by the BLACK ARROW.

Calcium is prevented from accumulating in cells by

Which is NOT part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Reabsorption involves the movement of substances into the _____________ while secretion involves the movement of substances into the ______________.

The expiratory reserve volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume equals the

______________  in the collecting ducts are responsive to aldosterone ultimately causing _____________ urine formation.