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Define chronotropic and inotropic cardiac effects.  What treatment for hypertension would result in both negative chronotropic and negative inotropic effects, and why?

Mrs. Henry comes into the emergency room feeling sick and stating that she feels like her heart is racing. After taking her blood pressure, which was unusually high, the doctor asks Mrs. Henry if she is on any medication. Mrs. Henry states that she was diagnosed with hypertension five years ago and has been taking clonidine ever since. However, she decided to quit taking the medication three days ago because she heard it was not good for her. Clonidine is used to decrease sympathetic activity and BP by an action in the central nervous system. What is happening to Mrs. Henry? What should be done to treat Mrs. Henry? 

Mrs. Goodman has stage 2 hypertension and has been prescribed chlorothiazide (Diuril) a diuretic, and Lisinopril (Prinivil) an ACE-I, for several years. Her blood pressure reads 155/97. Upon questioning she admits that she usually only takes the diuretic and skips the other drug since it is so expensive. What should you tell Mrs. Goodman?  Is there anything that could be done to increase her drug compliance? 

Select all of the following that are true with regards to the use of vaccines in the control of infectious disease

What are two stimuli for the release of renin?  Describe how renin release ultimately affects blood pressure?

Describe two major differences between the 2 major skeletal muscle fiber types outlined in class.  What is the functional outcome of these differences?

What effect do all sympathetic blocking drugs have in common? 

Explain why you might observe the following effects after treatment with an ACE-inhibitor for hypertension. (Explain the physiology for the effects.) 1.  Hyperkalemia 2.  Decrease in water and salt retention

What are two ways to provide passive immunity?