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Answer the following five questions (A, B, C, D, E) concerning non-fermenters.   B.   List two characteristics specific to this organism that make it so pathogenic?

Case Study 3: A 3-year old girl presents at the emergency room with bloody diarrhea, fever and vomiting. The child’s mother reports that the day-care center called yesterday morning because she started having a watery diffuse diarrhea.  That night she began to complain of severe cramps and her diarrhea became bloody and pus-filled.  The family has no recent travel history and while they are vegetarians, they only consume pasteurized milk, cheese, and egg products.  The gram stain showed many white blood cells and many gram-negative bacilli.  The culture resulted in many yellowish-clear colonies on the MacConkey’s agar that were oxidase negative and fermented glucose.   She was admitted to the hospital to treat her dehydration and for observation.  Case Study 3 Question 1: What was the most likely etiologic agent of infection in this patient? 

Which of the following characteristics may not be present a vaginal specimen from a typical case of bacterial vaginosis?

Case Study 3: Answer the following questions based upon the following clinical microbiology report: DATE: 10/25/2008  21:22:13                                          bioMerieux Vitek 2 Lab Report PATIENT NAME: HARRIET MORGAN PATIENT ID00000000 SEX: F DOB: 01/01/1931 AGE: 81Y ROUTINE CULTURE  SPECIMEN: URINE  COLONY COUNT= >100,000 CFU/ML ISOLATE: STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS  SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST DRUG MIC(mcg/ml) INTERPRETATION ROUTE/DOSAGE AMPICILLIN  >=16 R PO/IV250-500MGQ6H CIPROFLOXACIN >=4 R IM/IV0.5-1.0GMQ8H ERYTHROMYCIN >=8 R PO250-500MGQ6H GENTAMICIN =8 R PO400MGQ12H PENICILLIN G >=16 R IV2.0-3.0GMQ4-6H RIFAMPIN

Campylobacter jejuni is described as:

Why is it important that we always provide antibiotics to patients with a Streptococcus pyogenes infection? Answer should reference characteristics specific to Streptococcus pyogenes.

Within the general human population, certain populations are more susceptible to infectious disease. Which classes of patients are most vulnerable, and what do they have in common?

Case Study 2:  Eight neonates were born at full-term and developed skin lesions predominantly in the perineum or periumbilical area or both within 10 days of birth. Seven were admitted to the hospital for administration of intravenous antibiotics.  The babies were found to be born within a few days of each other at the same 100-bed hospital and were all under the age of 14 days.  None of the mothers had any type of skin infection and nasal swabs on the mothers all tested negative for Staph and Strep.  Cultures from each of the neonates contained gram-positive cocci in clusters that were catalase positive.  Nasal swabs were collected from all healthcare workers in the maternity ward and also tested negative for Staph and Strep.  One of the healthcare workers had a chronic dermatitis condition that, when cultured, tested for the same organism and susceptibility pattern as the neonates.  Case Study 2 Question 5:  What strategy would have been most effective in preventing the outbreak initially?

Coagulase, a virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus, allows the organism to:

Which of the following organisms would be suitable as positive and negative controls respectively, for the oxidase test?