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A 10-year-old cystic fibrosis patient is receiving continuous aerosol therapy via a disposable large volume nebulizer, delivering an FiO2 of 0.40 at 10 L/min. The child is coughing frequently and producing thick, tenacious secretions. What action would be most efficacious in increasing the water output of the nebulizer?

The respiratory care practitioner is performing ventilator rounds in the PICU and observes the needle on the pressure manometer of a ventilator vibrating as it moves to the peak inspiratory pressure level during each inspiration. What is the probable cause of this situation?

Which of the following clinical conditions displays the thumb sign on a lateral neck X-ray?

A 15-month-old baby is brought to the ER dyspneic, coughing, and displaying wheezes audible to the unaided ear. Chest x-rays reveal a slight rightward mediastinal and cardiac shift and over aeration of the left lower lobe. A left-lateral decubitus view indicates that the left lower lobe remains more inflated than the left upper lobe. What problem is this child likely experiencing?

While examining the chest radiograph of a 5-day-old mechanically ventilated neonate, the respiratory care practitioner notes an elevated diaphragm on the right side accompanied by a mediastinal shift toward the right lung. There is a decrease in the spaces between the ribs on the right side, and a slight hyperinflation of the left lung. The most likely diagnosis is

The neonatal respiratory care practitioner notes that a patient has developed hypoventilation while being mechanically ventilated with a time-cycled, volume-limited ventilator. What is the probable cause of this situation?

Which procedure appropriately refers to the process of weaning a neonate from a high level of CPAP and high FIO2?

An arterial blood gas (ABG) obtained from a normal preterm infant 1-hour following birth reveals pH 7.34, PaCO2 45, PaO2 65. Which intervention is appropriate based on these ABG findings?

A 33-week newborn is initiated on mechanical ventilation with a time-cycled, pressure-limited ventilator. The following information is available: Peak pressure 28 cmH2O, Rate 55 b/min, Ti 0.5 sec, PEEP 3 cmH2O, flow 8 L/min, Fi02 55% Arterial blood gas results on the above settings are: pH 7.28 PaCO2 52 torr PaO2 65 torr HCO3 25 mEq/L On examination, the breath sounds are diminished with poor chest excursion. Which of the following would be the most appropriate action at this point?

The following topics are covered in Module 6