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What type of enzyme is hTERT?

For each agent listed below, indicate whether it is best described as a tumor initiator or promoter.A. alcohol ….. [A] B. smoke/tobacco tar ….. [B] C. TPA …… [C] D. hepatitis B virus ….. [D] E. estrogen ….. [E]F. DMBA ….. [F]

Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that the multi-step process of tumorigenesis requires the acquisition of [A] to transform a normal human epithelial cell.

Tumors that have metastasized to the bone can weaken the bones.A) What is the molecular/cellular cause of this?B) Why is this an advantage to cancer cells?

[A] are a key source of PDGF in wound healing while [B] cells provide PDGF during cancer development.

A patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) exhibits chromosomal translocations in both lymphocytes and myeloid cells. This suggests that the cell in which the initiating mutation occurred was MOST likely

Match each step in metastasis with the most appropriate description.

Match each indicated syndrome/cancer with the most likely defective biological process.

The chemical structure formed from the reaction of a DNA base with a carcinogen is called

Which of the following lines of evidence would NOT support the conclusion that stem cells are the actual targets of mutagens?