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Inmates who are ____________ are establishing themselves in the power structure of the prison culture.

In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court find that severe overcrowding in California state prisons denied inmates satisfactory levels of mental and physical health care, and therefore amounted to unconstitutional cruel and unusual punishment?

Which prison design is composed of a “wagon­wheel”­like structure that was created with the dual goals of separation and control?

What type of sentencing occurs when a judge determines the minimum and maximum terms of imprisonment?

Inmates develop their own language, or:

At _______, good behavior was rewarded by early release, and misbehavior was punished with extended time under a three-grade system of classification.

The ruling in ____________ (1970)8  required the government to prove “beyond a reasonable doubt” that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency, raising the burden of proof from a “preponderance of the evidence.”

An inmate who is _______ exists on the fringes of prison society.

“Punishment is society’s means of expressing condemnation of illegal acts such as embezzlement.” This is the basic principle of which sentencing philosophy?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a white-collar criminal?