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The Dar al-Islam is what?

In a high-level language, the programmer’s only responsibilities for managing data items are to declare (or in the case of Python, create) all constants and variables the program will use.

Consider a situation where a patient has a higher Potassium (K+) concentration than usual in their body fluids, including the interstitial fluids surrounding the neurons.  Describe how you would expect this to effect the function of the neurons.  Would this tend to have the effect of partially depolarizing or hyperpolarizing the neurons?  Why?

Kurtis is a 15-year-old male that comes to the clinic due to referral from his PCP regarding anxiety for the last year. When evaluating him you find out he has been avoiding school and not wanting to participate in school at all. He will get to school and not want to get out of the car. He will cry and get irritable and shut down. He has verbalized anxiety with school and the students and teachers in school. He also struggles with going to large stores and being in crowds. He feels like others are judging him and this has been out or proportion to others his age. What is the most appropriate differential DSM-5-TR diagnosis? 

You have a patient in your office who is concerned with not being able to sleep. You know that utilizing screening tools is important to help diagnose sleep disorders. Which screening tool would you use to help determine a sleep disorder: 

Mary is a 5 year old female that presents to your clinic with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Her parents have had her in therapy and have been managing her sensory concerns. Even with this she has been having irritability at home and school. She has not been on medications previously and her parents are wanting to start a medication. You decide to start her on: 

Which of the following medications is a melatonin receptor agonist: 

Billy is a 7-year-old male that presents to the clinic with aggressive behaviors and irritability. He verbalizes he is frustrated with how he is not good enough and does not like himself. He has also verbalized suicidal thoughts in the past when frustrated with not understanding different things at school. His parents are medication adverse, but they are getting pushback from the school to start him on a medication. His behaviors are more so at school and not so much at home. He will get overwhelmed in class and will flip desks and rip bulletin boards off the wall. He has not tried any interventions at this time. You discuss with the parents the first line treatment recommendation for his presentation would be: 

You have a 16-year-old patient that presents to your clinic with an ADHD-inattentive diagnosis from neuropsychiatric testing. The patient also has a comorbid eating disorder. The patient is struggling in school and the parents would like to pursue medication options. What is an appropriate medication option and rationale: 

When evaluating a patient in your office for autism spectrum disorder you are aware that there are several comorbid conditions that run along with autism. Which of the following is more prevalent as a comborbidity: