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20. How should the nurse intervene to relieve perineal bruising and edema following delivery?

10. A woman is grunting and making sounds like she is bearing down during her contractions. When she begins cursing at her birthing coach and the nurse, what does the nurse assess as the most likely explanation for the woman’s change in behavior?

30. Several hours into labor, a woman complains of dizziness, numbness, and tingling of her hands and mouth. What does the nurse recognize these symptoms signify?

39. An 18-year-old primigravida is 4 cm dilated and her contractions are 5 minutes apart. She received little prenatal care and had no childbirth preparation. She is crying loudly and shouting, “Please give me something for the pain. I can’t take the pain!” What is the priority nursing diagnosis?

6. It is determined that the presenting part of the fetus is the buttocks. At delivery the fetus’s hips are flexed and the knees are extended. How would the nurse record this presentation?

46. The nurse is caring for a laboring patient who is not reporting pain. What sign would alert the nurse of the need for pain relief?

31. What is the most appropriate nursing action to take when a laboring woman hyperventilates?

40. The nurse who encourages the gate control theory of pain control would advise a woman in labor and her partner to use which nonpharmacological method of pain management?

45. Indicate and match whether the following contraction assessments are frequency (A), duration (B), interval (C), or intensity (D).

15. The nurse observes on the fetal monitor a pattern of a 15-beat increase in the fetal heart rate that lasts 15 to 20 seconds. What does this pattern indicate?