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The rehabilitation model of corrections involved contributions from social science researchers.

The Pennsylvania penitentiary system had a separate system, while the New York penitentiary system had a congregate system.

In which role does the judge uphold the rights of the accused in decisions about detention, plea, trial, and sentence?

The basic principles of the Pennsylvania system included an emphasis on the social interaction among prisoners.

The death penalty has been found to be racially discriminatory by the U.S. Supreme Court.

What have some critics said of the use of preventive detention?

A partisan election is one in which candidates openly affiliated with political parties are presented to voters for selection.

The criterion for deciding whether evidence is strong enough to uphold an arrest is known as ______.

Because trials are so infrequent, defense attorneys’ working lives tend to be quite different than the lives of attorneys portrayed on television.

Which doctrine permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them when they are in a location that they are permitted to be?