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BONUS QUESTION (worth 2 points) Explain the concept listed below in at least 2 sentences Circulation pathways provided by the Circle of Willis are critical to cerebral recovery.

Information that is transmitted from the brain to the peripheral system travels by _____.

How do electrical synapses differ from chemical synapses in terms of signal transmission speed and directionality?

BONUS QUESTION (worth 1 points)  List a major cause of a PNS neural injury

What is a critical factor determining whether a damaged neuron can regenerate its axon?

June Cleaver has begun experiencing prosopagnosia in the last few months.  It is expected that she has a lesion involving which of the following lobes?

Betty, age 40, has had type 1 diabetes for 20 years and takes a combination of NPH and regular insulin every day. She comes to the office because she has developed a severe upper respiratory infection with chills, fever and production of yellow sputum. Because of her acute respiratory infection, you know that Betty is likely to require: 

Margaret is an 80 y.o. female, who presents to the internal medicine clinic for a 1-week follow-up from her recent hospitalization following a fall. She was treated for a catheter-associated UTI with a 7-day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Recent chem 7 reveals potassium level 5.2, and calculated creatinine clearance < 30. According to the AGS Beers Criteria®, which of the following medications would you also be concerned about given this antibiotic choice and risk of hyperkalemia when used concurrently?

According to the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology guidelines of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, if risk decision is uncertain what is the best next step?  

Kathleen is an 83-year-old woman who has recently fallen three times in 2 weeks. Fortunately, her only injuries have been some mild soreness, but her daughter insisted she see the nurse practitioner to figure out why she is falling. Kathleen’s review of systems is negative except for the falls. Her gait, strength, timed get up and go, cardiac and respiratory exam are unremarkable. The NP’s initial diagnostic work up should include: