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A nurse has been administering a drug to a client intramuscularly (IM). The health care provider discontinued the IM dose and wrote an order for the drug to be given orally. The nurse notices that the oral dosage is considerably higher than the parenteral dose and understands that this due to:

A nurse is evaluating two drugs prescribed for hypertension. Drug A requires a dose of 5 mg to lower blood pressure by 10 mmHg, while Drug B requires 20 mg for the same effect. Both drugs reach the same maximum effect. How should the nurse interpret this finding?

The nurse is caring for a client that states, “This is so stressful. I have to drink alcohol to bring myself some peace.” What behavior does the nurse identify this client is experiencing?

The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about how medication errors can occur. What information will the nursing instructor include in the presentation? Select all that apply.

A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a client who is having a computed tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers chemotherapy to clients who have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse administers a measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes the actions of all three nurses?  

A nurse is admitting a patient who reports, “I’m allergic to penicillin.” Before administering any antibiotics, what question should the nurse ask next?

The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a client with a history of renal disease. Why should the nurse anticipate administering a lower dose than for a client with healthy kidneys?

A nurse is caring for a client who has had part of their small intestine removed due to cancer. They have also now developed hypertension and has been prescribed a new medication to decrease their blood pressure. While planning the client’s care, the nurse should consider a possible alteration in which aspect of pharmacokinetics?

A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled substances on the nursing unit. This nursing action is regulated by which U.S. law or agency?

A client asks a nurse whether over-the-counter (OTC) drugs have any disadvantages. What would the nurse state as potential disadvantages? Select all that apply.