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The patient has had COPD for years, and ABGs usually show hypoxemia (PaO2 < 60 mm Hg or SaO2 < 88%) and hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 45 mm Hg). Which ABG results show movement toward respiratory acidosis and worsening hypoxemia indicating respiratory failure?

This question is optional. No points deducted for leaving it blank. No points deducted for answering it wrong. Bonus points awarded (up to 5 points) for answering it correctly. Partial credit is given for a partially correct answer.   A patient receiving pharmacological treatment for a pulmonary embolism is on strict fall precautions that include having a bed alarm, a chair alarm, nonskid footwear, orthostatic vital signs daily, one person with them at all times when ambulating, and never being left alone in the bathroom.   Why are nurses more concerned with this patient falling than they are about other patients falling (1 point)? Explain your answer (additional 4 points).

A patient with chronic hepatic disease complains of mild dyspnea, an occasional sharp, non-radiating chest pain, and is unable to ambulate without oxygen therapy to maintain SpO2 >92%. These are all new changes from baseline. The nurse auscultates decreased breath sounds over all lobes. Due to the decreased oncotic pressure that occurs when the liver is unable to make proteins, the nurse understands a chest x-ray and CT scan will be needed to check for what condition?

What lung infection has a characteristic “whoop”ing sound with inhalation, especially for young children?

A patient with a prolonged hospitalization from aspiration pneumonia has now developed malodorous and purulent sputum, and a return of previous symptoms including fever, chills, and pleuritic pain. The patient also reports there is a new foul taste to the sputum, and it’s turned dark brown. After ordering the chest x-ray, the provider views it with radiologists and states, “This chest x-ray is the only diagnostic tool we need.” What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient has progressed to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and the provider has sedated the patient and placed them on mechanical ventilation. The nurse understands this is possibly for what reason? 

The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these? 

Which conditions listed below may manifest with adventitious lung sounds (i.e. course or fine crackles, pleural rub, etc.)?  

Which of the following is unique to the symptoms of a patient with anaphylactic shock when compared to other types of shock? 

Progressive tissue hypoxia leading to anaerobic metabolism and metabolic acidosis is characteristic of the progressive stage of shock. What changes in the heart contribute to tissue hypoxia?