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A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatrician due to concerns about delayed walking and stiff movements. The parents report that the child has difficulty with balance and coordination, and walks on their toes with legs appearing stiff and scissored. Physical examination reveals increased muscle tone and hyperreflexia in the lower extremities. Which of the following best describes the characteristics of this child’s likely condition?

A nurse is assessing the motor development of a 6-month-old infant. Which observation aligns with the proximodistal pattern of growth and development?

An 8-year-old child is newly diagnosed with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, and the parents appear anxious and overwhelmed. Which nursing intervention best demonstrates an appropriate application of knowledge when supporting and educating the family?

The nurse is assessing a child who was just admitted for observation following a head injury. What is the most essential part of the nursing assessment to detect early signs of a worsening neurological condition?

The nurse is teaching a student about the differences between fiberglass and plaster casts. What is the most important advantage of using a fiberglass cast instead of a plaster cast?

The nurse is caring for a newborn with suspected meningitis. If meningitis is confirmed, which clinical manifestations should the nurse be prepared to assess? (Select all that apply.)

A child with spina bifida has developed a latex allergy due to repeated bladder catheterizations and surgeries. Which nursing intervention best demonstrates an evaluation of the child’s condition and prioritization of care?

A 3-year-old child is being discharged after a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt revision for hydrocephalus. During discharge teaching, which parent statement indicates the best understanding of signs of shunt malfunction?

A nurse is evaluating a pediatric patient with spastic cerebral palsy. The child exhibits hypertonicity in the lower extremities. Which of the following assessment findings and interventions are appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is teaching a group of caregivers of school-aged children about common types of fractures. The nurse explains that if the bone fragments are completely separated, which type of fracture does this most accurately describe?