A hospital is developing a ventilator-associated pneumonia p…

A hospital is developing a ventilator-associated pneumonia protocol. Which of the following should be included?I. Routinely change all ventilator circuits within 48 hours of use.II. Change ventilator circuits when obviously fouled with sputum or blood.III. Closed-airway suctioning should be used whenever possible. IV. A heat and moisture exchanger should be used. 

A 44-year-old, 5′ 9″ tall male patient weighing 85kg (187 lb…

A 44-year-old, 5′ 9″ tall male patient weighing 85kg (187 lbs) is being mechanically ventilated. An arterial blood gas has been obtained. Ventilatory data and blood gas results are below:Mode: Assist/ControlFIO2: 40%Mandatory Rate: 10Total Rate: 10Vt: 650 mLPEEP: 5 cm H2OMechanical VD: 100 mLBlood GassesPH: 7.28PaCO2: 74 torrPaO2: 57 torrSaO2: 86%HCO3-: 23 mEq/LBE: 0 mEq/LWhich of the following changes should be recommended at this time?

A respiratory therapist reviews a ventilator parameter sheet…

A respiratory therapist reviews a ventilator parameter sheet and finds that the peak inspiratory pressure has been gradually rising for the past several hours. Which of the following could be the cause for this change?I. BronchospasmII. Increasing pulmonary complianceIII. Accumulation of secretionsIV. Increasing airway resistance

A 80 kg (176 lb) male suffering from acute respiratory distr…

A 80 kg (176 lb) male suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome is being mechanically ventilated at the following settings:Mode: VC, A/CTidal Volume: 500 mLSet Rate: 10 br/minTotal Rate: 10 br/minPIP: 68 cm H2OFIO2: 0.45PEEP: 8 cm H2OBlood Gasses:pH: 7.37PaCO2: 44 torrPaO2: 89 torrHCO3-: 22 mEq/LThe respiratory therapist should: