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Maya, an employee at a marine mammal park, has to teach a dolphin to swim through a hoop. First, Maya rewards the dolphin for swimming and coming near the hoop. Next, she rewards the dolphin for touching the hoop. Then, she rewards the dolphin for sticking his nose through the middle of the hoop. Finally, Maya rewards the dolphin for swimming through the hoop. Psychologists would term this process as:

Can negative reinforcers be punishers?

Jimmy is taking his seventh grade exam in which he is asked to give one word for a set of given explanations. Though he knows the words for the answer and is confident about recollecting them, he is unable to recall them at that particular time. Which of the following terms refer to Jimmy’s experience?

Which school of psychology attempted to identify the basic elements of the mind?

Dr. Russell conducts a study of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem solving in IRSC students. One group was instructed to solve problems after a night of no sleep. The other group was told to solve problems after an eight hour night sleep. The group that was allowed to sleep is called the ________ group.

Which of the following theories of color accounts for the afterimage of the British flag as well as some instances of color blindness?

Christopher looks at the marquee at the movie theatre and notices that a series of lights illuminate one after the other and appears as a “moving” arrow pointing to the theatre. This visual effect is called:

 A study was conducted by a group of researchers in Asian cities to determine the driving abilities of people of different age groups. The study found that older adults are better drivers than young adults. Another group of researchers conducted the same study in North American cities to determine if they could duplicate the results of the first study. In this scenario, the procedure followed by the second group of researchers can be termed as ______.

Which research method provides the best way of finding out if cigarette smoking has an effect on mental alertness?

________, as a defense mechanism, occurs when an unpleasant idea, feeling, or impulse is turned into its opposite.