Suppose you discovered a mutant strain of spinach in which t…

Suppose you discovered a mutant strain of spinach in which the thylakoid membranes were slightly permeable to protons, thus allowing a slow leakage. (Remember that normal membranes are not permeable to protons at all.) How might this defect affect the yield of ATP or NADPH from the light reactions?

In the chloroplast, cytochrome b6f is an important complex i…

In the chloroplast, cytochrome b6f is an important complex in the photosynthetic electron transport chain because it accepts electrons from photosystem II (via Pq) and donates them to photosystem I (via Pc). Another vital function of cytochrome b6f is that, during its oxidation-reduction cycle, it moves _____ from the _____.