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Across different management theories, the focus ranges from increasing productivity through technical efficiency to understanding human behavior in organizations. Which management theory is uniquely characterized by its emphasis on exploring how psychological and social dynamics—such as morale, motivation, and team cohesion—impact workplace productivity and organizational effectiveness? Pay special attention to how this theory integrates human factors into managerial decision-making.

In Katz’s Three-Skill Approach, the critical skills required by managers vary depending on their hierarchical level in the organization. Middle managers are uniquely positioned to balance strategic decision-making, technical expertise, and interpersonal relationships, making certain skills essential. Based on this framework, which of the following skills is NOT considered most critical for middle managers to perform their role effectively?

In Mintzberg’s managerial roles framework, managers perform various responsibilities that align with interpersonal, informational, and decisional categories. Match the managerial role to its correct description based on its function within an organization.

Mintzberg identified ten managerial roles, grouped into three categories: interpersonal, informational, and decisional. The ‘liaison’ role is part of the interpersonal category and involves specific responsibilities related to networking and external communication. Match the following roles with their correct descriptions:

The “Hawthorne Studies” were conducted to explore the impact of various workplace factors on employee productivity. Over multiple experiments, researchers modified workplace conditions, such as lighting and break schedules, and observed how these changes influenced worker performance. Which finding best represents the core takeaway from the Hawthorne Studies, requiring managers to pay attention to previously overlooked psychological factors?

cardiovascular                   nervous             digestive                            reproductive endocrine                          respiratory integumentary                  skeletal lymphatic                          urinary muscular Which of the organ systems listed above regulates metabolism largely by secreting hormones?

The plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts as illustrated above is a

  Match the indicated structures of the posterior anatomical region choosing from the given list of terms.

Match the indicated region choosing from the given list of terms.

The femoral region is ______to the tarsal region.