How is the initiative and referendum an example of a Progres…

How is the initiative and referendum an example of a Progressive ideal? a.    It brought efficiency to the making of federal law. b.    It promoted liberal capitalism in inter-state commerce. c.    It permitted the people to enact law directly and not just Congress, thus more direct democracy. d.    It promoted a politics of social justice.

Why did German U-boats not warn their targets before sinking…

Why did German U-boats not warn their targets before sinking them, as outlined in the standard rules of warfare? a.    Because they were dirty rotten bastards. b.    Because U-boats can only fire while underwater. c.    Because the British urged merchant ships to install guns and fire on or ram U-boats. d.    Because the official rules of warfare were changed in an international conference.