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Upload an image of your drawing. Malate in the cytosol may be converted to pyruvate in a single step in a reaction catalyzed by malic enzyme. This reaction requires the cofactor NADP+ and is analogous to one of the reactions in the citric acid cycle This reaction along with the pentose phosphate pathway, provides reducing equivalents for fatty acid biosynthesis. Draw out this reaction showing the structures or names of the substrate, products and cofactors. Identify which step in the citric acid cycle that this reaction is most similar to.

Upload an image of your drawing. Malate in the cytosol may be converted to pyruvate in a single step in a reaction catalyzed by malic enzyme. This reaction requires the cofactor NADP+ and is analogous to one of the reactions in the citric acid cycle This reaction along with the pentose phosphate pathway, provides reducing equivalents for fatty acid biosynthesis. Draw out this reaction showing the structures or names of the substrate, products and cofactors. Identify which step in the citric acid cycle that this reaction is most similar to.

  The structure of the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) is shown. Which common biomolecule would best serve as the starting material for this compound? Give structure, name or abbreviation.  (1 pt.) Epinephrine acts on liver cells through a G protein coupled receptor and acts similar to the hormone, glucagon. Does the action of epinephrine promote the synthesis or breakdown of glycogen?  (1 pt.) Both epinephrine and glucagon activate the same intracellular messenger, 3’,5’-cyclic AMP (cAMP). Explain how increased levels of cAMP in the cell are able to control both the synthesis and breakdown of intracellular glycogen beginning with GTP bound to the  α -subunit of the G protein receptor.  (4 pts.)

Three α -ketoacids, a 3-C atom pyruvate, a 4-C atom oxaloacetate, and a 5-C atom α-ketoglutarate, are found in the glycolytic pathway and the citric acid cycle. Give three metabolic fates (name or abbreviation of end product or pathway) of the 3-carbon acid. Give three metabolic fates (name or abbreviation of end product or pathway) of the 4-carbon acid.

Three α -ketoacids, a 3-C atom pyruvate, a 4-C atom oxaloacetate, and a 5-C atom α-ketoglutarate, are found in the glycolytic pathway and the citric acid cycle. Give three metabolic fates (name or abbreviation of end product or pathway) of the 3-carbon acid. Give three metabolic fates (name or abbreviation of end product or pathway) of the 4-carbon acid.

Let there be a region in the first quadrant bounded by the graphs of , y = cos x, and

A conical reservoir is 8 meters deep and 6 meters in diameter at itsbase and is oriented with the pointed tip down. If the depth of the water is 8meters, how much work is required to pump out all of the water? The water ispumped out of the top of the reservoir. Recall that the density of water is 1000kilograms per cubic meter.   Click ‘True’ when finished.

Compromising involves the following characteristics. (Select all that apply.)   

According to new research, the AKAP11 gene was identified as a risk factor for what disease?  (1 point) New research studying frogs have found that their claws evolved into what human trait? For an additional point, what gene family did it arise from?  (2 points max) Why is the discovery of consistent DNA twisting by SMC proteins across different organisms significant from an evolutionary perspective? (2 points max) Select one biology topic that was covered in the course that you didn’t know about before (and surprised you). What was it? What did you learn and how will it affect you as you progress on your life journey? HAVE A FANTASTIC BREAK AND BEST OF LUCK IN YOUR FUTURE COURSES/CAREERS! Please take a few minutes and fill out the Course Survey that is in the newest Announcement; it helps me shape future classes. 

Name one professional doctoral degree, one clinical (post-professional) doctoral degree, and one research doctoral degree.