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Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks of the passage.  Some answers may be used more than once, some may not be used. 1)__________________________ allows the determination of a quantity of a product or reactant in a chemical reaction equation on the basis of a given quantity of a different product or reactant.  In such a calculation, a mass can be converted to a(n) 2)_________________ by division by the molecular weight of the compound, then the ratio to a different compound involved in the reaction determined using the coefficients of the reaction equation.  However, in some cases one reagent may be a(n) 3)________________, such that there will not be enough of this material for the other reagents to completely react.  In such a case, the other reagents will be 4)______________________, and there will be some left over once the reaction is complete.

Atoms usually achieve a stable outer shell through ______________________ and/or _____________________________.

Match the following elements with the correct number of valence electrons for the neutral atom.

Classify the following reaction equation.  Choose all categories that apply. 2 Ca(s)  +  O2(g)  –>  2 CaO(s)

Calculate the energy of a photon with a wavelength of [x] nm.  Report your answer in J.

Match the following quantities to the number of significant digits.

_________________ energy is the energy of position, arrangement, or state, with the capability of being released in the future but stored or inactive at present, while _________________ energy is the energy of motion, including the random motion of particles known as heat.

Which of the following orbital sublevels are possible?  Choose all that apply.

Which processes describe a system releasing energy/becoming more stable?

Match each substance with the term that best describes it: