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Use the nursery rhyme below to identify words that conform to the phonic patterns in Questions 21-26.  Jack and Jill Jack and Jill went up the hill To fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown And Jill came tumbling after.   Up Jack got and home did trot As fast as he could caper Went to bed and plastered his head With vinegar and brown paper. Which two words contain a consonant digraph?

Mrs. Bonifa, a 2nd-grade teacher, teaches high-frequency words daily. As part of this instructional routine, she first asks students to identify the number of sounds in each word. Then, she models the phoneme-grapheme correspondences using sound boxes and identifies any irregularities or graphemes they have not yet been taught. She provides opportunities for students to practice reading and writing the words. Finally, she uses dictation sentences and decodable texts to give opportunities for students to practice decoding and encoding these high-frequency words.  What is Mrs. Bonifa’s instructional focus?  

A speech sound made by partial or complete closure of part of the vocal tract, which obstructs air flow, is a:

Mr. McMillan, an 8th-grade social studies teacher, selected a variety of novels about the Civil Rights Movement. Each student selected the book that they wanted to read and met frequently with others to discuss the book.  Why would Mr. McMillan use the instructional approach outlined here?  

Directions: Read the following article*. Use it to select the best response to the question. Leaders Who Made a Difference Eleanor Roosevelt and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. emerged as transformative figures during different periods of the 20th century, each leaving an indelible mark on American society through their dedication to social justice. Eleanor Roosevelt’s influence extended far beyond her role as First Lady to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Driven by genuine concern for human welfare, she championed peaceful solutions to social problems and worked tirelessly to improve conditions for marginalized communities. Her position provided her with unique opportunities, yet she carved out her own legacy through persistent advocacy and humanitarian efforts. Meanwhile, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. rose from humble beginnings as the son of a minister to become one of history’s most powerful voices for civil rights. Without the advantages of political connections, he built his influence through compelling oratory and unwavering commitment to nonviolent resistance. His “I Have a Dream” speech resonated across racial and economic lines, inspiring millions to envision a more equitable America. Both leaders understood that meaningful change required more than good intentions—it demanded sustained action, moral courage, and the ability to unite people around shared values of dignity and justice. Their approaches differed, but their fundamental commitment to improving lives through peaceful means created lasting legacies that continue to inspire social progress today.                                             (*Text generated using Claude AI, then edited for accuracy.)   To support all students — including students with disabilities and multilingual learners — in analyzing and understanding this complex text, which graphic organizer best aligns with the text structure of this passage?

Mr. Lopez wants to support his English Language Learners during a new science unit. Which strategy would best help his students build comprehension and participate in class discussions?

Tori is in the 3rd grade and has difficulty reading fluently. According to diagnostic testing, Tori struggles with multisyllabic word accuracy and appropriate reading rate. What should the teacher do to improve Tori’s reading fluency?  

Label the Shell and Tube heat exchanger accordingly: Shell and Tube with No Labels.jpg

Label the Cabin Furnace accordingly: Furnace with No Labels.jpg

The larger boilers used in industry are ___________________________.