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What changes would be expected in the ventilation-perfusion ratio in the presence of excessive blood loss? A. The ventilation-perfusion ratio initially decreases will increase then will decrease dramatically. B. The ventilation-perfusion ratio will increase. C. The ventilation-perfusion ratio will decrease. D. The ventilation-perfusion ratio will remain constant.

What is the only absolute way of confirming hyperventilation? a.  assess the tidal volume b.  ask the patient c.  monitor the PaCO2 d.  assess the respiratory rate

How many minutes of cardiac arrest does a person need to be in for a brain death to likely occur?A. 0-4 MinB. >10 MinC. 6-10 MinD. 4-6 Min

What is the name for the tube placed in arteries to structurally help prevent future blockage? a. catheterization b. stent c. angioplasty d. CABG

What does hyperbaric oxygen therapy involve?A. Breathing normal air at sea level pressureB. Breathing pure oxygen in a low-pressure roomC. Breathing pure oxygen in a chamber with up to three times normal air pressureD. Receiving oxygen through an nasal cannula with a humidifier 

What happens to the PAO₂ & PACO₂ when the V/Q ratio is low? A. The PAO₂ increases & PACO₂ remain constantB. The PAO₂ decreases & PACO₂ increasesC. The PAO₂ remains the same & PACO₂ decreasesD. The V/Q ratio in the lower region is 0.6

In a normal adult, what is the normal range for MAP? a. 80-100 b. 100-120 c. 40-60 d. 60-80

How does the breathing pattern change when a patient with COPD develops a secondary restrictive lung condition such as pneumonia? a. respiratory rate increases b. no breathing pattern changes would occur c. respiratory rate and tidal volume decreased d. respiratory rate decreases and tidal volume increases

Under normal resting conditions, what is the total transit time required for blood to move through the alveolar capillary system? A.  0.25 seconds B. 0.75 seconds C. 1 second D. 0.5 seconds

Identify two primary functions of the pericardium.