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What is the role of the protein p53 in the cell cycle? 

A 76-year-old man with Parkinson disease is evaluated for Pisa syndrome. He leans significantly to one side when walking. What additional symptom is likely to be contributing? 

A patient with a severe infection develops a cytokine storm. What is the primary risk associated with this condition? 

A 45-year-old female with a family history of multiple cancers is found to have a germline mutation in the MLH1 gene, associated with Lynch syndrome.  What is the primary function of the MLH1 gene in normal cells? 

A patient presents with a Clostridium difficile infection following a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Which of the following best explains the pathogenesis of this infection?

What is a common cause of cubital tunnel syndrome? 

An 80-year-old woman sustains a hip fracture after a minor fall. Which underlying condition is most likely responsible? 

A 40-year-old male is diagnosed with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a hereditary cancer syndrome associated with mutations in the TP53 gene.  What is the primary function of the TP53 gene in normal cells? 

A 7-year-old girl presents with headaches, vomiting, and difficulty walking. MRI reveals a mass in the posterior fossa.  What is the most likely diagnosis? 

A 14-year-old gymnast presents with anterior knee pain, worsened by jumping. What is the most likely diagnosis?