Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being comm…

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being committed, if there is any, in the following argument? “In the next hour Mr. Toad will tell you something about his campaign proposal. But you should not listen to him, because he is an incurable alcoholic abuser and has never been sober in the past three years!”

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being comm…

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being committed, if there is any, in the following argument? “Tagging by graffiti has become a terrible problem in recent years. Obviously our schools are stifling the creative spirit of these young people.”

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being comm…

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being committed, if there is any, in the following argument? “Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy is not worth the paper it’s printed on. Nietzsche was an immoral reprobate who went completely insane from syphilis before he died.”

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being comm…

Which answer best represents the informal fallacy being committed, if there is any, in the following argument? “The vast majority of car accidents occur within twenty miles of one’s home. Apparently it is much more dangerous to drive close to home than far away from home.”