In the early 1900s, the Lower Eastside of New York City was…

In the early 1900s, the Lower Eastside of New York City was densely populated by Irish, Italian and Jewish immigrants. In general, they had little money, were poorly educated, didn’t speak English well, and worked long hours in sweat shops. At the time, these immigrants were not considered “white” because according to sociologists, racial categories are:

The Brazilian census has traditionally only had four racial…

The Brazilian census has traditionally only had four racial categories: preto, branco, amarelo, and pardo. However, in everyday life, Brazilians have many other racial categories, including moreno, mulato, neguinho, and pretinho. Most of these terms don’t have an equivalent in the United States. What does this tell you about race?