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The following two questions are bonus questions. Pick ONE question to answer. It is worth 5 points.  If you answer both questions, I will grade the first question only.

Given: 0010.0110 is a Q4.4 fixed-point binary number.  What is its value in decimal (ex: “3.25”, “-4.125”)? Note: 1/16 = 0.0625; 2/16 = 0.125; 3/16 = 0.1875; 4/16 = 0.25; 5/16 = 0.3125; 6/16 = 0.375; 7/16 = 0.4375; 8/16 = 0.5; 9/16 = 0.5625; 10/16 = 0.625; 11/16 = 0.6875; 12/16 = 0.75; 13/16 = 0.8125; 14/16 = 0.875; 15/16 = 0.9375

A state transition table for a finite state machine is given. The clock input is 100 MHz. Suppose the FSM is currently in state S2 and the inputs are AB = 11.  What will the state be after the next clock edge?  What will the output be?

A timing diagram is given for a 3-bit counter. What is the value of the Q0 output at time = 55 ns?  Assume the delay from inputs changing to outputs changing is negligible.

Select the statement that best describes Flash memory.

Convert 7.062510 to a Q4.4 fixed-point binary number.  Show all 8 bits and the binary point (ex: “0001.1000”). Note: 1/16 = 0.0625; 2/16 = 0.125; 3/16 = 0.1875; 4/16 = 0.25; 5/16 = 0.3125; 6/16 = 0.375; 7/16 = 0.4375; 8/16 = 0.5; 9/16 = 0.5625; 10/16 = 0.625; 11/16 = 0.6875; 12/16 = 0.75; 13/16 = 0.8125; 14/16 = 0.875; 15/16 = 0.9375

Given: A = 10010011. What is the result of A LSL 4 (logical shift left)? Enter your answer in binary (ex: “00110101”).

Given:  A is an integer in a program that stores a temperature reading in degrees F, using an implied decimal point with one digit to the right of the decimal point (x.x).  If the temperature reading is 98.6 degrees F, what value should be stored in A?

Given: A finite state machine has 31 states. What is the minimum number of flip-flops required if one-hot encoding is used to encode the state?

Given: 01000011001100000000000000000000 is an IEEE-754 single precision floating-point number. What is the actual exponent (not the biased exponent; ex: “-8”, “7”)?