A tumor is irradiated in a hypoxic and aerobic state. The do…

A tumor is irradiated in a hypoxic and aerobic state. The dose it takes to reduced the tumor in half is 350 Gy when the tumor is hypoxic, and only 300 Gy when the tumor is oxygenated. Which of the following types of radiation was most likely utilized in this scenario?

Which classical prison reformer and philosopher believed tha…

Which classical prison reformer and philosopher believed that the law should accomplish some utilitarian purpose, with the socially desirable outcome of punishment being the protection of society?  This reformer also developed the Hedonistic calculus to identify the amount of punishment needed to outweigh the pleasure the criminal act will bring.