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Standard-HTTP (S-HTTP) is an extended version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that provides for the encryption of individual messages between a client and server across the Internet.

____ functions are mathematical algorithms that generate a message summary or digest to confirm the identity of a specific message and to confirm that there have not been any changes to the content.

Sequence encryption is a series of encryptions and decryptions between a number of systems, wherein each system in a network decrypts the message sent to it and then reencrypts it using different keys and sends it to the next neighbor, and this process continues until the message reaches the final destination.

____ is the entire range of values that can possibly be used to construct an individual key.

Popular cryptosystems use a hybrid combination of symmetric and asymmetric algorithms.

SSL builds on the encoding format of the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions protocol and uses digital signatures based on public key cryptosystems to secure e-mail.

Two hundred and eighty five computers can crack a 56-bit key in one year, ten times as many would do it in a little over a month.

In 1917, Gilbert S. Vernam, an AT&T employee, invented a polyalphabetic cipher machine that used a non-repeating random key.

One encryption method made popular by spy movies involves using the text in a book as the key to decrypt a message.

PKI systems are based on public key cryptosystems and include digital certificates and certificate authorities.