Marlow has just recently been injured in a major car acciden…

Marlow has just recently been injured in a major car accident and given two days to live. Although she has a valid will that leaves everything she owns to her only son, Julius, she decides that she actually doesn’t want Julius to receive one of her most prized possessions, an original Picasso painting that is quite valuable, because Julius has never shown a real appreciation for fine art. Marlow would much rather the Picasso painting be left to her neighbor, Mary Ann. Although Marlow never updated her will to specify the painting should be left to Mary Ann nor did she tell Mary Ann she wanted her to have the painting, she did have an honest conversation with Julius about six hours before she died and told him that she wanted to give the Picasso painting to Mary Ann instead of letting it pass to Julius in accordance with her will. After Marlow passed away, Julius and Mary Ann are now arguing about who should take ownership of the Picasso painting that is still hanging on the wall in Marlow’s house. The will suggests the painting should pass to Julius, but Mary Ann believes Marlow gifted her the painting before she died.   Who is most likely to win this argument?

Wallblack’s is a large convenience store company that recent…

Wallblack’s is a large convenience store company that recently discovers it is not following environmental laws when disposing of hazardous chemicals like paint, bleach, and pesticides. Nobody other than a few corporate executives at Wallblack’s are aware that the company is dumping these harmful substances in with their ordinary trash instead of disposing of them separately as the law requires, and these Wallblack’s executives know that it would cost a significant amount of money for the company to change its waste disposal practices to become compliant. They are trying to decide whether they want to continue with their current unlawful (but cheap) method of waste disposal or pay a lot of money to bring their actions in line with the legal requirements. During this decision making process, one executive says, “We are lucky that nobody else outside of the company knows about what we are currently doing with hazardous waste disposal. Could you imagine if the media found out about what we’re doing, and our illegal waste disposal practices were talked about all over national TV? Our customers would be furious!”   Which of the following ethical frameworks is the executive most clearly using as a strategy to help guide the business?