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Which of the following medications is generally only used if the patient still has debilitating symptoms from stable COPD, despite inhaled bronchodilator therapy and ICS therapy?

Mr. Lynch is admitted to the hospital experiencing an exacerbation of COPD. The physician has ordered SABA four times a day, LABA with a long-acting anticholinergic, oxygen therapy and IV antibiotics. To adequately treat his exacerbation, what is missing from his regimen?

You have completed pulmonary function studies on a patient you believe has emphysema. Which of the following results is consistent with air trapping seen in emphysema?

A patient with a long history of emphysema is sent to the ED for ABGs and evaluation for admission. Entering the ED you see an elderly, frail appearing woman leaning over her bedside table, using accessory ventilatory muscles, pursed-lip breathing, and occasionally coughing. You notice she acknowledges your presence and follows your instructions but does not move or complain as you obtain the ABG sample, just breathing 28 bpm with her eyes closed.You obtain the following ABG results on 1 lpm NC:pH – 7.31PaCO2 – 76 mmHgHCO3 – 33 mEq/LPaO2 – 54 mmHgYou are concerned how long she can maintain this level of work of breathing. Which of the following is the most important recommendation to the physician?

Characteristic #2

Emphysema is defined as:

Stable emphysema has a characteristic chest x-ray pattern. Which of the following CXR clinical findings are characteristic of hyperinflation, air trapping and airway obstruction? Select as many as deemed applicable.

COPD severity is determined with:

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Which plastic resin codes are on commonly recycled plastics?