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A cariogenic bacterium promotes:

The enrichment technique:

Bacteria from a urine culture grew well on both blood and chocolate agar.  Dark pink colonies appeared on McConkey agar (MAC) after 24 hr. at 37oC.  What test(s) should be done next?  (Check all that apply)  

Which strain is coagulase negative?    

Yersinia pestis was recently discovered in Bronze-age human remains, however DNA sequence analysis revealed that this strain is missing the gene for the Yersinia murine toxin.  This means that the Bronze-age strain: (Check all that apply.)

The term incidence describes:

The Veterinary Feed Directive has essentially eliminated antibiotic use:

Patients with Shingles: (Check all that apply)

Which type of analysis requires patient isolates to be cultured in order to obtain single colonies?

In 2016, E. coli was isolated from chickens on a new organic farm.  The isolate contained a plasmid carrying resistance genes to six antibiotics including tetracycline, sulfonamide, and gentamicin.  It also carried genes for resistance to heavy metals and a quaternary ammonium sulfate (Quat) disinfectant.  The farm feeds the chicks GMO-free, organically raised grain and supplements the diet with zinc and copper to promote growth and reduce disease.  No antibiotics are used.  After three years of organic practice, in 2019 we would expect to find E. coli that are: