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The PTA is seeing Mr. Ruiz 3 days post ORIF of right left neck fracture. The POC calls for Mr. Ruiz to ambulate up to 150′ with SBA and up/down 6 steps before discharge. He has precautions for TTWB only and insist on using axillary crutches he had at home. He often puts too much weight on his right LE and his balance is poor. He lives with his elderly wife who is concerned about his safety when he is discharged. To improve his safety during ambulation what would be the best thing for the PTA to do?

Case: 45 year old patient with R BKA and L knee disarticulation from and on the job accident where he was trapped behind the truck bumper and the wall of a wash out stall. No other internal injuries noted. Patient transferred to in patient rehab once medically stable. PT POC includes patient education, stump care, TE, TA, balance, functional mobility, stump care, and pre-prosthetic training.Of the following, what would be the most appropriate TE intervention plan?

The PT has completed her evaluation by using the “button” test for a patient with RA. Since the patient demonstrated difficulty with the button test, what type of interventions should the PTA include in the treatment session? 

A 78-year old female with severe aortic stenosis presents to the ICU following a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Preprocedural transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular hypertrophy and an asymmetric septal bulge. Left ventricular wall thickness in the parasternal short axis view is 1.6 cm with a small cavity. Postoperatively, the patient develops sudden onset hypotension requiring vasopressor support; however, blood pressure continues to decrease despite escalating doses of norepinephrine. The vital signs are heart rate 94 bpm, blood pressure 85/54 mm Hg, respiratory rate 18/min. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrates an underfilled left ventricle with midventricular obstruction.  What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A patient is transferred to the ICU with a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, oxygen saturation of 85%, oliguria, and diffuse crackles. Pulmonary artery catheter readings reveal a cardiac output of 1.9 L/min. and a wedge pressure of 24 mmHg.  Which IV medication is appropriate to prescribe?

A patient being seen for adhesive capsulitis of the right shoulder has completed her exercises and is placed on ice to assist with inflammation and pain. After approximately 5 minutes on ice the complains of pain in her hand. The PTA notes a significant color change in the hand described as red/purple with blanching in the fingers. What is the best course of action?

The inflammation of Ankylosing Spondylitis starts with inflammation in ______________ and will eventually fuse the spine.

Diminished gross ROM, Joint hypomobility and poor arthrokinematics, Joint asymmetry, soft tissue texture abnormality, and pain are indications for _______________.

When providing treatment for a patient with signs and symptoms of pulmonary edema, it is important to determine if the cause is noncardiogenic or cardiogenic.  Which of the following would be a cause of cardiogenic pulmonary edema?

A 26-year-old woman with no prior medical history presents to the emergency department (ED) with progressively worsening dyspnea for 1 week. Her symptoms are preceded by 3 days of fever, rigors, and nasal congestion. She is afebrile with HR of 116 beats/min and BP of 92/70 mmHg. Physical examination reveals bilateral rales, elevated jugular venous pressure, 2/6 systolic murmur at the left lower sternal border, cool extremities, and 2+ bilateral lower extremity edema. Echocardiogram reveals LVEF of 20%, nondilated LV (LV end-diastolic diameter of 3.4 cm), global hypokinesis, mild mitral regurgitation, and a normal right ventricular function. Labs are significant for creatinine of 1.6 mg/dL, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of 385 U/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of 413 U/L, troponin I of 4.8 ng/mL, and serum lactic acid of 2.8 mmol/L. Intravenous diuretics and dobutamine are initiated. Within 24 hours of admission, the patient develops hypotension and worsening heart failure refractory to inotropes and vasopressors. Urine output is 125 cc in the last 6 hours.  Which of the following is the best next step in her management to stabilize her?