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DNA replication synthesizes [x] by joining together [a]. Transcription synthesizes [e] by joining together [d]. Translation synthesizes [b] by joining together [c].

Which of the following is a similarity between cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

RISC supports fixed-length instructions that have only a few formats which makes instruction fetch and decode harder to implement.

Load-store architecture usually loads the value from memory to a register and keeps it there until it is not needed. This, limits accessing memory which usually leads to improved performance.

A programmer needs to know both the ISA and the microarchitecture of a CPU in order to write software for that CPU.

What is true of energy in most terrestrial food webs?

A diploid salamander experiences a failure in cell division that results in the production of tetraploid offspring. The diploid individuals each contain 2 copies of 4 chromosomes, but the tetraploid individuals contain 4 copies of the 4 chromosomes. Diploid salamanders produce haploid gametes (1 copy of each chromosome per gamete), and the tetraploid salamanders produce diploid gametes (2 copies of each chromosome per gamete). Under the biological species definition, should the diploid and tetraploid salamanders be considered separate species, or the same species?

A student reads the following questions and answers online: Q: How do plants get energy? A: Plants use carbon dioxide and water as their primary sources of energy. Q: Where does a plant’s biomass come from? A: Plants get most of the materials that make up their biomass (like cellulose, starch, etc.) from mycorrhizal fungi in the soil, so most of a plant’s biomass comes from the soil. Q: How to plants get nitrogen? A: Plants get the nitrogen they need by taking in N2 from the air and incorporating it into biological molecules. Correct each of these answers to accurately state how plants obtain energy, the material for their biomass, and nitrogen. Your answers do not need to be long, but should be clear and specific.

When a species of fungus reproduces, individuals produce thousands of potential offspring and invest very little in each offspring. We would expect this fungus to have a [a] survivorship curve. What is the typical stage of the fungal life cycle that can disperse to a new location and found a new population? [b]

The age structure pyramids for four countries are shown below. Based on the information in the age pyramids, which country is facing a decline in population and should consider planning for how a smaller number of working-age adults can sustain essential functions?