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In 2008, researchers discovered a genetic mutation in a man that took place 6,000-10,000 years ago. He that is thought to be the first person to have the mutation that resulted in blue eyes, and would therefore be the source of all blue-eyed humans alive on the planet today. 

What is the most common type of variant identified by direct-to-consumer genetic testing?

The recent announcement of the CRISPR-gene edited babies has prompted many prominent scientists and bioethicists to propose strict new guidelines that restrict human germline editing to be restricted to serious genetic diseases, and recommends couples should first attempt IVF with pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. 

CRISPR can only be used to knock-out specific genes. 

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding CRISPR?

True or False: UV light is equally effective on all bactrial species.

How many sets of tubes are generally used in a standard most probable number (MPN) test?

True or False: All bacteria can grow at human body temperature.

Gram’s Iodine is to Gram Staining, as Heating is to Endospore Staining.

Which medium is commonly used in the confirmed test of MPN?