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The lower arch is known as the:

Which types of teeth are used to cut food and guide it into the mouth?

Which tooth surface is facing outwards towards the lips and cheeks?

Match the cell type with its proper secretion

Haustral motility occurs every 30 minutes where as mass movement occurs 3 times a day.

(1pt Total) Interpreting Stress-strain curves (points may be used more than once) (0.175pts) Identify the point where the ultimate tensile (ut) stress is located  (0.175pts) Identify the point where the yield point stress is located  (0.175pts) Identify Young’s modulus  (0.175pts) Where the sample fractures  (0.175pts) Where the sample starts necking  (0.125pts) Plastic deformation occurs BEFORE or AFTER point B.

This urinary crystal is commonly found in acidic urine and looks like a pyramid, or a square with an “X” on top:

(0.5pts) A patient underwent hip surgery 3 days ago and is experiencing significant pain and discomfort at the implant site. The surgical team is concerns about a possible infection. State and briefly describe which category of implant associated infection the patient may be experiencing.

(0.5pts total) The first vascular stent was implanted into a human patient in 1986 and FDA approved in 1994. Stenting quickly became the preferred method to treat arterial stenosis over traditional balloon angioplasty. The first stents were fabricated from bare metals. While the rates of restenosis (re-occlusion) were significantly improved over angioplasty, there were high rates of complications due to thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia (i.e. scar tissue formation).  (0.375pts) Describe/list the host response sequence that best describes the complication associated with vascular stents. Start with implantation of stent.  (0.125pts) In an in vivo small animal study, a new vascular stent material was evaluated and compared to the original vascular stent material. At 4 days post-implantation, immunohistochemistry of the tissue around the implant sites for both materials indicated high levels of lymphocytes, macrophages, and monocytes. Briefly state what these data indicate regarding the host response to these materials? 

(1pt total) You are working as a researcher at Metal-Ortho Implant, Inc. and are investigating a case of two patients who were received a metallic hip implant. After the implantation, the results of the blood test are shown below: Patient 1 – Elevated levels of hapten-carrier conjugates (metal ions from implant act as haptens) AND Elevated levels of TDTH (a class of Helper T Cells) Patient 2 – Elevated levels of C5 convertase Answer the following questions related to each patient.  (0.125pts) Patient 1: Briefly, define a hapten.  (0.125pts) Patient 1: Briefly, define a hapten-carrier conjugate and describe the immunological effect a hapten (metal ion)-carrier conjugate may elicit. (0.25pts) Patient 1: Identify what type of response this patient is most likely experiencing. Briefly, describe the response that occurs after the activation of TDTH –cells. MUST include at least one main immune cell recruited by the activated TDTH -cells.    (0.25pts) Patient 2: Which system is being upregulated? AND identify and briefly describe which sub-activation mechanism is most commonly associated with biomaterials.