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a. Is the abstract below an example of a primary of secondary publication? If secondary, what type and how do you know? If primary, what is the research design? Explain why you identified that particular research design. b. Are there any significant results? Which ones and how do you know? (can just list the numbers and explain) c. Are there any highly significant results? Which ones and how do you know? (can just list the numbers and explain) ____________________________________________________________ Although artificial and non-nutritive sweeteners are widely used and generally recognized as safe by the US and European Union regulatory agencies, recent studies report that fasting plasma levels of erythritol, a commonly used sweetener, are associated with heightened incident cardiovascular disease risks. Effects of dietary erythritol on thrombosis phenotypes in humans have not been examined. We tested the impact of erythritol or glucose consumption on multiple indices of stimulus-dependent platelet responsiveness in healthy volunteers (n=10 per group). Participants ingested either 30 grams of erythritol or glucose in a beverage.  Dietary erythritol (30 g), but not glucose (30 g), lead to a >1000-fold increase in erythritol plasma concentration (P

Read the abstract below, then select the BEST option to describe this publication. ________________________________________________ Low intake of micronutrients is associated with health-related problems in nursing home residents. As their food intake is generally low, it is expected that their micronutrient intake will be low as well. The nutrient intake of 189 residents (mean age 85.0 years) in five different Dutch nursing homes was measured based on 3-day direct observations of intake. Micronutrient intake, without supplementation, was calculated using the Dutch food composition table. Intake was compared to the estimated average requirement (EAR) or adequate intake (AI) as described in the Dutch dietary reference values. A low intake was defined as >10% not meeting the EAR or when the P50 (median) intake was below the AI. Vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, folate, B12, C, D, E, copper, iron, zinc, calcium, iodine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and selenium were investigated. Our data showed that vitamin and mineral intake was low for most assessed nutrients. An AI was only seen for vitamin B12 (men only), iodine (men only), and phosphorus. A total of 50% of the population had an intake below the EAR for riboflavin, vit B6, folate, and vitamin D. For reference values expressed in AI, P50 intake of vitamin E, calcium, iodine, magnesium, potassium, and selenium was below the AI. To conclude: micronutrient intake in nursing home residents is far too low in most of the nursing home population. A “food-first” approach could increase dietary intake, but supplements could be considered if the “food-first” approach is not successful. 

a. Is the abstract below an example of a primary of secondary publication? If secondary, what type and how do you know? If primary, what is the research design? Explain why you identified that particular research design. b. MS risk was decreased by what % among those who drank green tea? ____________________________________________________________ Research is lacking on the relationship between consuming black and green tea as beverages containing polyphenols and the risk of MS. Here we aimed to determine the association between the consumption of green and black tea, coffee, non-alcoholic beer, milk, fruit juices and carbonated beverages with the risk of MS. This study was performed on 150 patients with MS and 300 healthy individuals as a control group among patients who were referred to the ophthalmology ward of a referral hospital in Ahvaz with the groups matching for age. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic information and beverage consumption. The mean age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 38.55 ± 8.88 years. The results showed that drinking milk (OR = 5.46), natural juice (OR = 2.49), and carbonated beverages (OR = 16.17) were associated with an increased chance of developing MS. However, drinking non-alcoholic beer (OR = 0.48), black tea (OR = 0.20), green tea (OR = 0.29) and coffee (OR = 0.07) were associated with a reduced chance of developing MS. The results show that drinking black and green tea, non-alcoholic beer, and coffee are associated with a decrease in the chance of developing MS. 

Using the information below, complete the citation in AMA style: January 2021 J Trace Elem Med Biol Pages 70-84 Volume 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.05.006 Issue 6 Nutritional Determinants of Macular Pigment  Herrera Juan, Lima Jean, Medeiros Alejandro, Figueiredo Hank, Andrade Raul, Ururahy Maria, Rezende Anton, Brandão-Neto Jorge, Almeida Miguel

Explain the major difference between a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

The nurse educator is educating a group of nursing students on Hepatitis B. Which of the following is true of Hepatitis B? Select all that apply.

The nurse prepares a brochure for the wellness clinic discussing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for patients. Which of the following information should she include in the brochure?

While searching on pubmed one day, you find an abstract that includes methods but not results. Which of the following most likely describes what you found?

A community health nurse is planning a prevention program aimed at reduction of deaths related to unintentional injuries in young adults. Using the most current statistics in this chart- which intervention should be a priority? unintentional injuries.jpg

According to the “Make every bite count” dietary recommendations what is the percentage of calories per day needed to meet food group recommendations for American adults?