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The Missouri Plan is a partisan public election system for the selection of judges.

A Concurring Opinion is distinguished from the Majority Opinion in that both are in agreement with the outcome but for different reasons.

The Solicitor General is the federal government’s chief appellate lawyer.

Certiorari:

The Dred Scott v. Sanford case ruled that slaves were not citizens of the United States and could not get protection from the federal government or the courts.

Judicial Activism is a court practice that disregards precedent in an attempt to achieve some public good that the other branches may not have addressed.

As part of American expansion in 1866 Canada offered to sell the territory of Alaska to U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward. The United States agreed to purchase the territory for $7.2 million dollars.

A defendant is constitutionally entitled to a court appointed attorney in:

A rational appellate court is necessary for successful judicial administration.

The United States purchased 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi for 15 million dollars from Spain.