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A patient with acute leukemia develops dyspnea and confusion with very high WBC count. Which complication is most likely?

A patient is diagnosed with lymphoma. Which finding most strongly supports Hodgkin lymphoma rather than non-Hodgkin lymphoma?  

A 78-year-old man develops irregularly irregular palpitations and dyspnea. ECG shows atrial fibrillation. Which pathophysiologic consequence is most important for long-term stroke prevention?  

A 70-year-old patient with sepsis develops diffuse oozing from IV sites and new renal dysfunction. Labs show thrombocytopenia, prolonged PT and aPTT, low fibrinogen, and markedly elevated D-dimer. Which pathophysiologic process is occurring?    

A patient has leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia after chemical exposure. Which disorder best fits pluripotent stem-cell failure?  

A 33-year-old postpartum patient develops unilateral leg swelling after prolonged bed rest. Ultrasound confirms a proximal DVT. Which pathophysiologic contributor most directly promoted clot formation in this scenario?

A 40-year-old has episodic headache, sweating, palpitations, and severe BP spikes. Which mechanism best explains the hypertension?

A patient stands up quickly and becomes lightheaded. Which immediate reflex response should occur in a healthy person?

A 55-year-old woman with metastatic cancer presents with dyspnea and hypotension. Echo shows a large pericardial effusion. Which immediate hemodynamic consequence explains her hypotension?

A patient develops diffuse hives, wheezing, and hypotension within minutes of peanut exposure. Which mediator most directly causes the rapid endothelial cell retraction that produces angioedema?