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According to ASE pediatric imaging recommendations, which principle should be performed FIRST during every congenital echocardiographic examination?

According to the ASE, which clinical measurement is a standard measure for LV diastolic function?

A 38-year-old male presents to the adult echocardiography laboratory for an initial evaluation after a soft systolic ejection murmur was detected during a routine physical exam. According to global epidemiological data and clinical surveillance guidelines, which of the following represents the most common congenital cardiac lesion definitively diagnosed during adulthood?  

A 19-year-old male with a history of a bicuspid aortic valve presents for an echocardiogram to evaluate suspected aortic coarctation. To accurately quantify the maximum hemodynamic severity of the obstruction, the sonographer must measure peak and mean pressure gradients across the narrowing. Which of the following imaging windows and Doppler techniques will provide the most parallel alignment to obtain these maximum velocities according to clinical guidelines?  

A 32-year-old patient with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot presents with increasing fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance. Which echocardiographic finding most strongly suggests the need for further evaluation for pulmonary valve replacement?  

A pediatric sonographer obtains a tricuspid regurgitation jet of 3.8 m/sec. This measurement is most useful for estimating which data?  

Which is the most likely cardiac structure noted in this TEE 2D color and PW Doppler image is indicated by the arrow?

A 34-year-old male patient presents to the adult echocardiography laboratory for a routine echo. He has a median sternotomy surgical scar, however he does not know his diagnosis. Your imaging reveals an anatomically normal right ventricle acting as the systemic pump and an anatomically normal left ventricle acting as a pulmonary pump with what appears to be atrial baffles. What is the most likely diagnosis and what is important to evaluate?

A 62-year-old male patient presents to the adult echocardiography laboratory for a routine echo. He has a median sternotomy surgical scar, however he does not know his diagnosis. In your apical 4 chamber view you note the following 2D image. What is the most likely diagnosis based on this 2D image?

In a neonate with suspected coarctation of the aorta, which additional view/technique is most helpful beyond the standard suprasternal long-axis image?