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(01.01 MC)A magazine advertises a protein shake that claims it can help you gain muscle. The fine print at the bottom of the screen says “results are not typical.” Why is this claim considered pseudoscience?

(01.02 MC)Which of the following can you correctly infer from the graph about how the pH affects the enzyme’s role in the target chemical reaction?

(02.02 LC)The compound light microscope is most useful for viewing

(03.07 MC)A Y-linked disease is a sex-linked disorder found on the Y chromosomes. Who can be afflicted with a Y-linked disease?

(03.06 MC)Duchene muscular dystrophy, or DMD, is a recessive, x-linked disease. What would you expect to see in the offspring of a woman who has DMD and a man who does not have the disease?

(02.01 MC)During winter’s freezing temperatures, some plants can remove water from their cells to reduce the amount of water that will freeze inside them. Why would plants need to do this?

(03.07 MC)In humans, the allele for a widow’s peak is dominant to the allele for a straight hairline. In a family with three children, two of the children have a straight hairline and one child has a widow’s peak. Which of the following is possible?

(02.02 MC)Which of the following is characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?

(02.04 MC)In terms of structure and function, how do the vacuoles in a typical plant cell compare to those of a typical animal cell?

(02.04 HC)Prior to the invention of refrigeration, meat was often preserved by soaking it in brine (a solution of water with a high concentration of salt) to kill any microorganisms that might have tried to use the meat as their own food source. Which of the following best explains how a brine solution could be lethal to those microorganisms?