You have conducted a rodent study to assess the toxicity of…

You have conducted a rodent study to assess the toxicity of compound X.  For the study, 2 sets of rats were exposed to compound X; Group 1 was adult males (1 year old) and Group 2 was male rat pups (1 week old). The exposure was through a dietary route. Compound X was mixed into the food at 3 different doses and the experiment lasted 1 week. The endpoint measured was lethality. Here are the study results: Dose Adult (lethality) Pup (lethality) Control (none) 0% 0% 1 mg/kg 0% 20% 10 mg/kg 0% 50% 25 mg/kg 10% 100% 50 mg/kg 20% 100% 100 mg/kg 50% 100%   These data (for either adults or pups) represent a non-monotonic dose response relationship.

According to the WHO EBD study, the current understanding of…

According to the WHO EBD study, the current understanding of schistosomiasis transmission indicates that the disease burden is fully attributable to risk factors associated with water, sanitation, and hygiene (Pruss-Ustun et al., 2004). Does this mean, theoretically, that schistosomiasis can be controlled or prevented through environmental management towards the provision of safe water, and improving sanitation and hygiene?