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What protist is most closely related to animals?  

Consider the cyanobacteria Nostoc. Individual cells grow attached to each other in long chains produced from binary fission with cells remaining attached (e.g., streptococcus). Most perform photosynthesis, using photosystems I and II to generate ATP and NADPH that they use to power the fixation of carbon dioxide via the Calvin cycle. However, a small number form heterocysts, cells that instead of performing photosynthesis, fix nitrogen into ammonium. Heterocysts share their nitrogen compounds with their photosynthetic neighbors, who in turn share sugars with the heterocysts. If you extracted and analyzed all the mRNA from a single heterocyst and all the mRNA from a single photosynthetic cell and compared both sets of mRNA, would you find mRNA that is different between these two cell types, photosynthetic and nitrogen fixing heterocyst? If so, what would it represent?

Consider the following binary tree.   a)  Give the results of traversing the tree in post-order fashions (3 points). b)  Give the results of traversing the tree in pre-order fashions (3 points).

You find an animal with 3 germ layers, well-developed tissues and organs. This animal is most likely….

 When using the SOAP format, which component includes the Review of Systems?

Animals classified as Ecdysozoans share which of the following characteristics?

Animals have….

Streptomyces rishiriensis is a Gram positive bacterium that produces dark melanin pigments and a number of antimicrobial compounds. You hope to find gene(s) responsible for the production of these melanin pigments. You transform a culture with a plasmid containing a transposon and a kanamycin resistance gene (kanR). Considering your transformation efficiency will be low, how might you find bacteria that have been successfully transformed?

The water vascular system of echinoderms (sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars)…

Which of the following biochemical tests are performed and reported on chemistry strips when analyzing urine from animals in veterinary medicine?