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Which of the following modes of ventilatory support would you recommend for an alert hypoxemic patient with congestive heart failure?  

What is the most common cause of cephalization as seen on the upright chest film?  Empyema  Hypoxemia  Left heart failure  Renal failure

Which of the following could cause an increase in physiologic shunt? (Multiple Answers)  

Which of the following measures should be used in the initial treatment of a patient in acute respiratory failure due to an exacerbation of COPD? (Multiple Answers)    

A “white” chest radiograph presentation is most often associated with hypoxemia due to ventilation/perfusion mismatch. 

The chest x-ray below shows bilateral fluffy infiltrates with a “bat’s wing” configuration. What clinical condition would you suspect on this patient?

Your patient has a P50 of 38 mm Hg.  This would indicate:  that there is a normal affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen  that the hemoglobin has an increased affinity for oxygen  that the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve has shifted to the right  that the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve has shifted to the left  

Deliberate hyperventilation for 24 to 48 hours via CMV is applied to patients with closed head injuries in order to do what? depress the medullary chemoreceptors. provoke the dilation of the vasculature. increase the rate of cerebral blood flow. reduce brain swelling and intracranial pressure.  

Breathing 100% O2, a patient has a PAO2 – PaO2 difference of 50 mm Hg. Based on this information, one can conclude that this patient has severe hypoxemia.

Which of the following could be indicative of oxygenation failure?  P(A–a)O2 difference of more than 300 mm Hg on FIO2 100%.  PaCO2 of greater than 50 mm Hg.  PaO2 of less than 50 mm Hg on FIO2 of 60%.  A pH of less than 7.30.