Edwin Hubble and Vesto Slipher had recognized that galaxy cl…

Edwin Hubble and Vesto Slipher had recognized that galaxy clusters and galaxies were all red shifted meaning they are all .  Hubble using the Cepheid variable stars in many distant galaxies had determined .  Using the red shift data to determine the .  Hubble then plotted against and determined from the slope of the graph the .

The structure of a spiral galaxy includes; spiral arms, a ce…

The structure of a spiral galaxy includes; spiral arms, a central bulge and .  The motion of stars in the spiral arms is .  The motion of stars in the central bulge is .  The Sun is of the Milky Way galaxy.  When viewed perpendicular (at right angles) to the plane of the spiral galaxy the dark patches are .

By looking at the most distant type I supernovae two groups…

By looking at the most distant type I supernovae two groups of scientists discovered that the galaxies containing the supernovae are moving closer galaxies.  This indicates that the rate of expansion of the universe is .  The scientists put forward the idea of to explain this observation.  This explanation means that our model of the universe is one of a universe.

The questions below are about weekly discussion boards: a. W…

The questions below are about weekly discussion boards: a. When is your first response due? b.  When is your comments due on two different classmate’s postings?  c. For your two total comments on other classmates postings, how long should each response be at minimum?