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Consider what you have learned in Unit 2 of this class. Please pick a single topic, e.g., a single learning objective we have covered. This might be something you found especially interesting, something you initially struggled with but then learned well, something you are especially confident of and perhaps wished was covered more thoroughly on this test, or anything else you want from this content, except please do not pick one of the topics already discussed in the essay questions (i.e., do not re-discuss the essay questions you already answered). For this topic: Identify the topic Explain the topic and why it is important Write a single multiple choice question addressing this topic Your answer should be a paragraph of at least 4-5 sentences. Please do not just list out names of multiple topics, or just tell me that you found a topic to be really interesting. You may tell me you found this topic especially interesting, but you must demonstrate that you learned about and understand this topic by explaining it clearly. Note that there is not a single answer to this question, this is your chance to demonstrate good knowledge of any topic of your choosing from your work in this unit!

Lactase persistence, the ability to digest lactose into adulthood, is a trait prevalent in some human populations but not others. Which of the following best explains the evolutionary advantage that led to the spread of lactase persistence in certain populations?

The enzyme hexokinase catalyzes the first step of glycolysis by adding a phosphate group to glucose. If N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) is introduced into the cell, it occupies the active site of hexokinase, thereby preventing glucose from binding, and thus stopping glycolysis. NAG is therefore an example of what?

Consider cellular respiration and photosynthesis in a plant. In cellular respiration, the source of electrons is ______, whereas in photosynthesis, the source of electrons is ______.

A plant leaf performs photosynthesis. Which of the following is the most accurate definition of this process?

In the electron transport chain (ETC) of cellular respiration, the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 give up electrons to protein complexes of the ETC. What happens to these NADH and FADH2 molecules during this process?

Which of the following statements best describes the function of an enzyme and its effect on a chemical reaction?

Oxygenic photosynthesis is the type performed by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, which releases oxygen. Anoxygenic photosynthesis, performed by other bacteria, does not release oxygen. What is a key similarity between these two processes?

CO2 fixation and nitrogen fixation are both essential processes for life. Why are these processes critical for the formation of biological macromolecules?

In human saliva, the enzyme amylase breaks down the starch in foods such as potatoes, rice, and pasta into smaller sugar subunits including its monomer glucose. This process begins in the mouth. If amylase were not present in saliva, the breakdown of starch would still occur, but at a much slower rate. What is the role of salivary amylase in this reaction?