A pigeon has learned to peck a green key to receive access t…

A pigeon has learned to peck a green key to receive access to food. One day, the pigeon contacts extinction – pecking the green key no longer accesses reinforcement. The pigeon begins to engage in several brand-new topographies of behavior, including pecking several surfaces in the operant chamber, flapping its wings, and running around in a circle. None of these result in reinforcement. This brand-new topographies of behavior is example of

Isa is handing out raffle tickets at the entrance of a festi…

Isa is handing out raffle tickets at the entrance of a festival. Each ticket comes with an identical copy. When Isa gives a ticket to a person, she places its matching copy in a jar beside her. At the end of the night, Isa counts the tickets in the jar to determine how many people attended the festival. Isa is using _____.