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Jean reported that the flagellants believed that  _____.

Among Peter Waldo’s innovations, he ______.

In the latest major study on the late medieval plague by Jon Aberth, The Black Death. A New History of the Great Mortality, 1347-1500 (Oxford:  University Press, 2020), the mortality rate (of death)  in the European population was ______.

From the lecture notes:  The polarity argumentation refers to _____.

Editors’ introduction.  Townspeople struggled with ______ in order to free themselves from ______ . [One answer fits both blanks.]

The future Pope Innocent III claimed that men strive for riches, pleasures and _____ .

Editors’ introduction.  Europe’s commercial economy was revitalized owing to several factors, including the cessation of Viking raids, stronger kings providing more political stability and increased ______ productivity, allowing more people to pursue other sources of income.

From “Dictates of the Pope”:  Popes may absolve individuals subjects from oaths to _____.

From “How to Succeed in Medieval Business.”  One should not _____ potential buyers.

From “How to Succeed in Medieval Business.” The prosperous merchant will “shun like the devil himself” alcohol, ____, prostitutes and throwing _____ .  [One answer fits both blanks.]