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What does it mean when a patient has heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)?  

The most common cause of bilateral vocal fold paralysis is which of the following?

Suppose you work in the NICU and are referred a patient with dyspnea and inspiratory stridor. The ENT confirms that the vocal pathology is likely which of the following?

Your patient presents with a warm, red, and swollen right lower extremity. An ultrasound is ordered to check for a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What lab test would help determine if a clot is present?  

Laryngitis symptoms include vocal hoarseness, sore throat, cough, and fever. 

Suppose a patient you referred to ENT was recommended for a biopsy which resulted in a plan for surgery and radiation. Which laryngeal pathology was most likely to have been identified?

Match the term on the left with its definition or description on the right. 

It is typically more likely that phonosurgery would be used for vocal nodules than vocal polyps. 

Nodules typically form at which of the following locations?

This muscle is responsible for abducting the vocal folds.