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Mannitol may be utilized intraoperatively in patients with large tumors or known significant intracranial hypertension to decrease brain volume for optimal surgical exposure. When given as a bolus, which patient could the administration of mannitol be detrimental?   

Which hemodynamics effect do the majority of patients with acute ischemic stroke present?   

USE THE FOLLOWING CASE STUDY TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 2 AND 3Elsie P., age 78 years has presented to the clinic for hospital follow up. She fell at her residence and was disoriented briefly following the incident and was hospitalized overnight for observation. She was placed on Percocet 5/325 (opioid analgesic and acetaminophen) for pain resulting from the fall, (there were no fractures, but she reports feeling stiff) and has been taking 1-2 pills twice per day since the accident 3 days ago. She has stayed at her daughter’s house following the accident. Her daughter washed her clothes in a new detergent and Elsie developed hives, so has been taking Benadryl (Antihistamine) 25-50mg every 6 hours since yesterday. She feels very lethargic today and her daughter is worried that she will fall again. Other medications include: Lisinopril (ACE-Inhibitor), Aspirin (platelet inhibitor), and Spironolactone (Potassium-sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist). Medications from Elsie’s medication list that might be contributing to lethargy include:

Which parasitic infection can lead to brain cysts in severe cases?

Leishmaniasis is transmitted through the bite of a:

Bronchial hygiene therapy for chronic lung conditions has been shown to be beneficial.  How much sputum needs to be produced daily for the therapy to be useful?  What are two typical chronic lung diseases that we treat for patient with increase sputum production?

A 60-year-old professor who has a colon resection for an intestinalis tumor is receiving incentive spirometry to help expand his lungs.  You are asked to assess the patient for retained secretions.  Auscultation reveals coarse rhonchi bilaterally in the upper lobes.  A few scattered crackles are heard in the bases.  SpO2 on room air is 94%.  The patient states he is unable to cough up anything “because it hurt too much.”1.  What technique could you use to decrease the pain associated with cough in a postoperative patient?2.  What type of cough would you teach this patient?

List three ways to help mobilize thick retain secretion for patient with a weak ineffective cough. 1. 2. 3.  

Which statement accurately explains how many votes each state receives in the Electoral College?

All states award all of their Electoral College votes to whichever candidate wins the popular vote in that state.