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In a study conducted by Haber and Barchas (1983), monkeys were injected with amphetamine, a central nervous system stimulant. Comparison of the drug’s effects on the dominant versus submissive monkeys demonstrated that the effects of brain chemicals such as drugs are

According to recent research (Kessler et al., 2003), the percentage of people aged 18 to 29 that have already experienced major depression is _______.

The first significant supporting evidence for a biological cause of a mental disorder was the 19th century discovery that the psychotic disorder called general paresis was caused by the same bacterial microorganism that causes __________.

In regard to the relationship between stress and depression, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT

The less severe but more chronic version of bipolar disorder is called __________ disorder.

The idea that psychological disorders could be classified based on their symptoms, onset, time course, and cause is attributed to

Which physiological measure consistently distinguishes individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) from non-anxious normal subjects?

A psychological disorder in children characterized by unrealistic and persistent worry that something will happen to their parents, which may result in refusal to leave home is called

According to recent research on the development of depression, dysfunctional attitudes (a negative outlook) and hopelessness attributes (explaining things negatively) constitute a _____________ vulnerability to depression.

The rapid-cycling specifier refers to an individual with bipolar disorder who experiences at least ___ manic or depressive episodes in a year.